International Conference and Exhibition on Marine Drugs and Natural Products July 25-27, 2016 Melbourne, Australia

Biography:

Jeanine B Downie MD, MA is a board-certified dermatologist and the Director of image Dermatology in Montclair, NJ. She has published 37 articles in peer-reviewed journals and lectures nationally and internationally on cosmetic dermatology. She consults for the top-tier pharmaceutical companies and does cutting edge clinical trials for them as well. She is a medical television contributor that frequently appears on The Today Show, The Dr. Oz Show, Good Morning America and The View among other shows. She has been honored repeatedly by Castle Connolly as one of New York Metropolitan’s Top Doctors. Her first book, Beautiful Skin of Color is a comprehensive skin care guide for Asian, Olive and Dark Skin (2004).

Abstract:

Marine compounds are currently used in antibiotics derived from fungi. These include compounds from a sponge that have been found to be useful in treating cancer. One specific neurotoxin from a sea snail has been determined to be as strong and effective as morphine. They are ubiquitous as unicellular organisms make up more than 95% of the living organisms in the ocean. These microorganisms grow where no other life forms can, very deep in the ocean. Logically, if they can survive in the ocean depths, they may be helpful in protecting our skin from environmental stressors. Ocean organisms can be sun burned and it appears that they have adapted and developed compounds/mechanisms that help repair damage from the environment. Preserving algae is the best way to keep the potency of the seaweed. This is done by cold extraction or freeze-drying. We will discuss promising marine compounds for cosmeceutical use and the new hyaluronic acid moisturizer, HA 5 which has marine micro-organism polysaccharide peptide complex in it.

Biography:

Laurent Lebrun has completed his PhD in Physicochemistry in 1993 from Rouen University. He is currently an Assistant Professor. He has published 60 peer-reviewed publications and is Co-Inventor of one patent and two standards. His main research interest is concerned with polymers (synthesis and characterization), membranes, barrier materials and the use of polymers for the improvement of the environment. His application fields are packaging materials, gas separation and wastewater treatments and biocomposites

Abstract:

During viral epidemics such as influenza, Ebola or SARS many states are unable to afford effective but expensive filtering facepiece respirators (FFP3 or N95 type). Unefficient alternative respiratory protective equipments such as cotton fabrics and medical masks are often used. Several methods have been recently developed for producing low-cost virucidal filters suitable for respiratory protective masks. The use of natural biocide molecules could make a contribution to introduce antimicrobial properties inside cellulose filters. Surface cleaning represents also an essential disinfection procedure for virus elimination from contaminated surfaces. The cleaning by modified wipes containing antiviral compounds is also of major interest. The present work reports the preparation of new antiviral cleaning wipes and filters using seaweeds extracts as antiviral agents. 30 seaweeds extracts containing ulvans, fucoidans, alginates, pectins or polyphenols were tested. The antiviral experiments were first performed on suspensions of T4D bacteriophage of Escherichia coli. Only polyphenols revealed antiviral activity. All polyphenol-grafted cellulose layers exhibited a large improvement in the reduction of the viral concentration (5-log after 20 min). Hence, these materials could be used as virucidal wipes for the virus elimination from contaminated surfaces. Virus filtration experiments were performed by spraying a suspension of bacteriophage through modified layers. The virus reduction was improved 10-fold for monolayer and 4-fold for bi-layers. Finally, two layers were placed inside a commercial medical mask in place of its cellulose layer. The virus reduction was improved 12-fold compared with the original mask. Based on these results, a significant improvement over conventional commercial medical masks was obtained.

Biography:

Gan Sook Yee has completed her PhD in Algal Biotechnology in 2005 from University Malaya, Malaysia. Currently, she is the Head of Life Sciences Department under the School of Pharmacy at the International Medical University. Her main research interest is in the area of algal biotechnology (genetic engineering, algal transcriptomics and bioactives). She is also trained in molecular biology and has involved in gene expression studies and miRNA research in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. She is presently involved in the study of algal bioactives for neurodegenerative disorders.

Abstract:

Fucosterol, pheophytin A and pheophytin A isomer isolated from brown seaweeds such as Padina ornata and Sargassum polycystum as well as caulerpin isolated from the green seaweed, Caulerpa racemosa were assayed for their cholinesterase inhibitory activities and their neuroprotective effects on amyloid β1-42 (Aβ1-42) / glutamate induced SH-SY5Y cells. Their anti-neuroinflammatory effects were also determined by measuring the levels of cytokines and pro-inflammatory mediators in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated C8-B4 microglia cells. All four algal compounds exhibited inhibitory activities on acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in a dose dependent manner. They significantly increased the viability of Aβ1-42 / glutamate induced SH-SY5Y cells but suppressed the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NO and PGE2 in LPS-stimulated C8-B4 cells. The four algal compounds showed dual cholinesterase inhibition and neuroprotective effects against Aβ1-42/ glutamate/ LPS suggesting possible applications for the prevention of Alzheimer’s disease.

Biography:

AP Dr Shar Mariam Mohamed is currently the Head of Human Biology Department under the School of Medicine. She is one of the pioneer team members who develop the Medical Biotechnology Program me dated back in 2005-2006. She has been extensively involved in curriculum design and review for the program me. She has introduced and developed the Enterprise Management module which has now become the unique feature of IMU’s Medical Biotechnology Program. Her involvement and contribution in Medical, Pharmacy and other Health Sciences programs has been intensely focused not only teaching but also coordinating various modules, system courses and semesters. Her area of expertise includes cell and human physiology.

Abstract:

Photo protection against ultraviolet radiation is a major concern worldwide and the best protection agent has yet to be found. Carrageenan is a polysaccharide extracted from the red seaweed mostly of the genera Chondrus, Eucheuma, Gigartina and Iridae is used as a gelling and thickening agent in the food industry, medicines and as an excipient in cosmetics. Considerably, carrageenan is believed to have prospective photo protective properties. In the current study the cytotoxicity, photo protection and Rat Sarcoma (RAS)-Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma (RAF) gene mutation of iota, kappa carrageenan and their synergism with vitamin E was evaluated against UVB induced immortalized normal human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. MTT results for cytotoxicity and photo protection indicated that carrageenan was not toxic to cells if used in concentration lower that 200 µg/ml with CD50 values of 80 and 90 µg/ml for iota and its synergism with vitamin E and 132 and 155 µg/ml for kappa and its combination with vitamin E respectively. Cells pre-treated with carrageenan exhibited significantly (p<0.05) higher cell viability compared to the cells without treatment by 3.53-27.73% after 100 mJ/cm² and 11.08-45.17% after 300 mJ/cm² UVB fluence. The incident of RAS mutation using the RAS-RAF pathway somatic mutation assay was lower in cells treated with carrageenan compared to those without. Collectively results suggest the potential use of carrageenan as a photo protective agent. An added value of carrageenan rather than being only an excipient could be deduced from this study which is worthwhile for further exploration on its other mechanisms that promises photo protection.

Biography:

Noer Kasanah has completed her PhD from School of Pharmacy the University of Mississippi (2008) and postdoctoral studies from College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University (2010). She is an Assistant Professor and Principal Investigator of Marine Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta since 2011.

Abstract:

Seaweeds and their extracts have been studied for decades as novel sources a variety of compounds and some of them have been reported to possess biological activity of potential medicinal value. Seaweeds are great potential producer of secondary metabolites that responsible for bioactivities which have commercial application in pharmaceutical, medical, cosmetic, nutraceutical and agricultural industries. In order to fully explore and exploit the value and potential of local seaweed we initiated research project on Indonesian seaweeds since 2012. The objectives of research program were (1) to explore indigenous various seaweed collected from part of Indonesia mainly in Yogyakarta Coastal regian and East Nusa Tenggara, (2) to study and determine chemical constituent and screen for the potential as edible seaweed (sea vegetables), anti oxidant , antibacterial agents and sulfated polysaccharide. More than 100 seaweeds were collected and screened for antibacterial, antioxidant, sulfated polisaccharides and toxicity. We followed bioassay guided isolation to determine bioactive compounds. Our results showed that potential of Indonesian seaweeds are very promising. We are going to discuss in details apesies, chemical diversity and bioactivity in the presentation.

Biography:

Dr. Zetty Norhana is currently a senior lecturer at the Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia. She started her position as a senior lecturer in 2012 after completing her PhD in Plant Sciences at University of Cambridge, United Kingdom. Her PhD thesis is entitled ‘Regulation of thiamine (vitamin B1) biosynthesis in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. In Cambridge, she matriculated at Magdalene College. In 2007, Dr. Zetty pursued her Master of Science in Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology at Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia. She was the recipient of the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB)-University Graduate Research Collaboration Fund and her thesis was entitled ‘Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in Oil Palms (Elaeis guineensis) Related to Infections by Ganoderma boninense’. Prior to that, she gained her Bachelor of Science (Honors) in Microbiology also at Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia. Her current research interests are thiamine (vitamin B1) biosynthesis pathway in plants, specifically in oil palm (Elaies guineensis) and macro- and microalgae, the effect of thiamine towards the immune system of plants, the potential of seaweeds, cyanobacteria and microalgae as a source of bioactive compounds, and also the hunt for riboswitches in plants. She is currently leading 3 projects from 3 major Malaysian research grants worth RM437,000.00 and supervising 3 Master of Science students. Apart from that, she was also the recipient of the 2015 Australia-APEC Women in Research Fellowship where she carried out a short research attachment at South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI), Australia working on a project entitled ‘The potentials of selected marine seaweeds collected from the South Australian coastline as a source of useful bioactive compounds’.

Abstract:

Oil palm (Elaies guineensis) is a major contributor of the world’s edible vegetable oil and also a potential source of biodiesel in Malaysia. However, it is confronted with a serious disease caused by fungi. Ganoderma boninense, a plant pathogenic fungus was recognized as the main factor that causes a disease which will affect the production of oil palm products and also causes death in palms. To date, there is no efficient strategy for early detection or control of this disease just yet. Fungicide and chemicals have been utilised as the main control but they are harmful for the environment and human health. Alternative disease control utilizing organic sources such as microbes and plants have been postulated to be having high potential. Seaweeds, or also known as macroscopic, multicellular, marine algae have been known to possess various natural compounds with antifungal activities. Seaweeds are abundant in Malaysia and most of their potential and advantages are under-explored. The utilization of seaweeds will be a more natural way of controlling the disease without harmful effects to the environment as well as human. This project aimed at discovering potential local seaweeds which possess useful antifungal characteristics and also at elucidating their bioactive compounds with inhibitory activity against oil palm disease-causing fungus, G. boninense. Crude extracts were recovered from selected seaweeds of Malaysia and tested for their antifungal activities. Phytochemical analyses were carried out to identify the potential bioactive compounds for antifungal activities. This project is hoped to be the solution for the never ending hunt for the best disease-control mechanism of diseases caused by fungus in oil palm.

Biography:

Jamal Ouazzani completed his PhD in Applied Microbiology in 1988 from Paris XI University, France and obtained a permanent research position at the Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) in 1989. Since 2002, he has acted as Research Director at the CNRS Institut de Chimie Des Substances Naturelles (ICSN) and has headed the ICSN Pilot Unit. He has engaged in diverse consulting activities since 1996, for environmental, cosmetic and pharmaceutical companies and is a leading expert in the field of bioremediation. He has published more than 59 publications in peer-reviewed journals. He has obtained nine patents and has benefited from European Commission grants in the context of four collaborative projects, including coordinating the project TASCMAR.

Abstract:

TASCMAR is a European Commission funded project aspiring to develop new tools and strategies to overcome existing bottlenecks in the discovery and industrial exploitation of marine-derived bio-molecules (secondary metabolites and enzymes) with applications in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and cosmeceutical industries. Exploitation of neglected and underutilized marine invertebrates and symbionts from the mesophotic zone will be combined with innovative approaches for the cultivation and extraction of marine organisms, from lab to pilot-scale, including the construction of new biotechnological equipment. This approach will ensure the sustainable supply of biomass while promoting the production of high added value bioactive marine compounds. State-of-the-art analytical instrumentation and in-house databases will be employed for the de-replication and characterization of valuable compounds and a focused panel of in-vitro, cell-based, in-ovo and in-vivo bioassays, for discovering metabolites with anti-ageing and/or angiogenesis modulating activity, will guide the project’s workflow to reveal the lead compounds. In addition, the catalytic potential of mesophotic symbionts and deriving enzyme candidates will be evaluated in the fine chemicals and bioremediation industries. TASCMAR will be continuously evaluated for its socioeconomic and environmental impact in order to balance industrial development and sustainable growth. The project also aims to develop higher standards for bio-prospecting in areas of rich marine biodiversity.

Biography:

Hamada Haba has completed his PhD in Organic Chemistry in 2008 from Batna University (Algeria) and Reims University (France). He is the head of chemistry department at Batna University. He supervised 10 MSc, 2 Magister and 4 PhD theses. He is full Professor for natural product chemistry (Extraction, isolation, structural elucidation, NMR, MS) since 2015. He was the coordinator of the 4th International Conference on Chemistry CIC-4, 2014. He has published more than 25 papers in reputed journals, attended more than 100 conferences and served as a reviewer for many articles in the field of chemistry of natural products.

Abstract:

There are more than 10000 species in the Euphorbiaceae family. The Euphorbia species is the largest one with diterpenoids and triterpenoids as characteristic secondary metabolites. Euphorbia plants possess a number of interesting biological properties against cancer development such as antitumor, antiproliferative, antioxidant and cytotoxic, and modulation of multidrug resistance. Their antitumor activity was mainly attributed to the presence of abietane diterpene derivatives, tigliane and jatrophane-type diterpenes. This genus containing toxic and skin-irritant milky latex has been used in traditional medicine throughout the world to treat skin, ophthalmologic, migraines, intestinal parasites, warts and snakebites. Here, we were interested in the phytochemical investigation of many Euphorbia species growing in Algeria (North Africa) such as E. guyoniana, E. retusa, E. bupleuroides, E. pterococca, etc. These species are used in Algerian folk medicine to extirpate thorns and to treat warts. Furthermore, it is well known that the decoction of roots of E. bupleuroides is used in Algeria with anti-inflammatory purposes. The latex of E. retusa is used particularly against trichiasis and venomous bites. The present paper describes the isolation and structural elucidation of new diterpenoids and triterpenoids, in addition to known compounds including terpenoids and phenolic compounds from E. guyoniana, E. retusa, E. bupleuroides, E. pterococca and E. atlatica. The structures of all isolated compounds 1–80 were established by extensive analysis of the 1D and 2D NMR, MS, and optical rotation data, as well as comparison with reported literature data. The biological activities (antibacterial, antioxidant etc.) on crude extracts and some isolated products were evaluated.

Biography:

Preetham Elumalai is working as Assistant Professor in the department of Biochemistry at Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Kochi. He obtained his PhD from Regensburg University, Germany with research experience in Biochemistry and Biotechnology. He did his Post-doctoral research at the Institute for Immunology, Germany. During his thesis, he has worked on projects to establish collaborations with Japan, Denmark and USA. He has peer-reviewed publications in national and international journals. He was awarded the prestigious Bayerische Forschungsstiftung fellowship for pursuing Doctoral (2008-2011) thesis at Regensburg University, Germany. He has received the DFG Grant (2015-2018), international Cooperation with Institute of Tropical Medicine, Tuebingen, Germany. He also received the Research Assistant Fellowship (2007-2008) German Science Foundation (DFG) for graduate assistantship. He is awarded with the early career research scientist award for the year 2016. He is Life time member of the European Immunological Society, Germany, Complement society and Life-time member of the Society of Biological Sciences, India. He is also member in the Editorial board for International Journal of Basic and Life sciences and Journal of Research in Biochemistry and Reviewer of International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological diseases and International Journal of Food Science.

Abstract:

Neurodegenerative diseases gained attention as the second most common cause of death among the aged population. Marine environment has proven to be one of the richest sources of chemical structures with numerous beneficial health effects. Recent research has investigated the bio-potential of natural and synthetic neuroprotective agents applied in the amelioration of dementia. Given the increasing prevalence of different forms of dementia, we are in focus for the discovery and development of novel neutraceuticals from marine sources for potential application in neuroprotection. Our project is to search, identify and characterise marine natural products that exert potent biological activities against neurodegenerative diseases. We want to apply our bio-prospecting platform using a multiple screening strategy based on an automated system, and search for producers of small molecules, active as neurotrophic agents. The present study aims to treat dementia using small molecule correctors and inhibitors to cure the disease and to investigate its exerting neuroprotective effects through different pathways could present viable approaches in the management of neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding the mechanism for correcting the folding after treatment is also investigated. We are interested to assess the diversity and distribution of commercially important Lichens of the Kerala coast. Our selection included compounds with very different core structures such as terpenes, alkaloids or heterocyclic structures, poly-phenols and so on. We try to perform the synthesis of the aforementioned and their selected analogues. The compounds will be evaluated for neuritogenic activity in developing hippocampal neurons and for promising neurite-outgrowth-promoting activity. Dose-dependent studies will show neurons protection from naturally occurring death in normal culture condition as a proof to demonstrate that Lichens can promote neuronal maturation and synaptogenesis and support neuronal survival. Their functional studies and neurotrophic activity like antioxidant, anti-neuroinflammatory, cholinesterase inhibitory activity and inhibition of neuronal death is screened against neuro A2 cells, glial cultures as well as in human brain tissue specimens to gain information regarding structure, activity and molecular interactions which will be used to design more potent derivatives. Specific compounds obtained from several nutrients have displayed beneficial roles in preserving and protecting neurons from degeneration and can have potential therapeutic efficacy in dementia. Taken together, these results from molecular, cellular and pharmacological studies would accelerate further studies with these compounds in larger preclinical and clinical settings.

Biography:

R Saravanan has completed his PhD in Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Marine Sciences in Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India. He is currently working as an Assistant Professor in Marine Pharmacology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences in Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, India. He has published 28 articles in peer reviewed international and national journals, authored and co-authored 6 book chapters in renowned international publications and he is also an Editor and Reviewer of few international, indexed journals. He has deposited a gene sequence in PubMed, filed an Indian patent and also participated in a cruise expedition “Sagar Sampada”. Presently his research lab focuses on isolation of bioactive macromolecules from marine sources and screen them for their therapeutic effects against cancer, neurological and cardiovascular diseases in vitro and in vivo in mice, rat and zebrafish model.

Abstract:

Our research streams towards the exploration of novel polysaccharides, polyphenols and glycoproteins from mollusks, seaweeds and mangroves. These biologically active principle compounds are screened for their protective and therapeutic applications towards cardiovascular, neurological diseases and cancer. The marine polysaccharides, low molecular weight heparan sulfate (LMW-HS) from the marine scallop Amussium pleuronectus, low molecular weight sulfated chitosan (LMW-SC) from cuttlebone of Sepia pharaonis and a low molecular weight glycopeptide (LMW-GP) from the posterior salivary gland of S. pharaonis are structurally characterized partially sequenced by using MALDI-TOF/MS and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy respectively. Further, the secondary structure of the LMW-GP is studied using IR and CD spectroscopy. Phloroglucinol, a phenolic derivative, isolated and purified from selected brown seaweeds are characterized using MALDI-TOF/MS and NMR spectroscopy. The LMW-HS has been shown to exhibit substantial cardioprotective effects (in vivo) on isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in Wistar rats. The LMW-SC exhibited significant in vitro anticoagulant, cytotoxic and antiviral activities. The LMW-GP demonstrated considerable inhibitory activity against human bacterial pathogens and in vitro cytotoxicity against breast and oral cancer cell lines. The purified phloroglucinol showed substantial antioxidant, cytotoxic and anticoagulant activities. The LMW-HS and LMW-SC does not exhibited significant (P<0.05) teratogenic effects, whereas the LMW-GP and phloroglucinol exhibited mild to moderate developmental toxicity in Zebrafish larva. Thus, these bioactive compounds from marine environment, unique in form, structure and function exhibits numerous favorable biomedical activities with potential for clinical applications in future.

Biography:

AP Dr Shar Mariam Mohamed is currently the Head of Human Biology Department under the School of Medicine. She is one of the pioneer team members who develop the Medical Biotechnology Program me dated back in 2005-2006. She has been extensively involved in curriculum design and review for the program me. She has introduced and developed the Enterprise Management module which has now become the unique feature of IMU’s Medical Biotechnology Program. Her involvement and contribution in Medical, Pharmacy and other Health Sciences programs has been intensely focused not only teaching but also coordinating various modules, system courses and semesters. Her area of expertise includes cell and human physiology.

Abstract:

Photo protection against ultraviolet radiation is a major concern worldwide and the best protection agent has yet to be found. Carrageenan is a polysaccharide extracted from the red seaweed mostly of the genera Chondrus, Eucheuma, Gigartina and Iridae is used as a gelling and thickening agent in the food industry, medicines and as an excipient in cosmetics. Considerably, carrageenan is believed to have prospective photo protective properties. In the current study the cytotoxicity, photo protection and Rat Sarcoma (RAS)-Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma (RAF) gene mutation of iota, kappa carrageenan and their synergism with vitamin E was evaluated against UVB induced immortalized normal human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. MTT results for cytotoxicity and photo protection indicated that carrageenan was not toxic to cells if used in concentration lower that 200 µg/ml with CD50 values of 80 and 90 µg/ml for iota and its synergism with vitamin E and 132 and 155 µg/ml for kappa and its combination with vitamin E respectively. Cells pre-treated with carrageenan exhibited significantly (p<0.05) higher cell viability compared to the cells without treatment by 3.53-27.73% after 100 mJ/cm² and 11.08-45.17% after 300 mJ/cm² UVB fluence. The incident of RAS mutation using the RAS-RAF pathway somatic mutation assay was lower in cells treated with carrageenan compared to those without. Collectively results suggest the potential use of carrageenan as a photo protective agent. An added value of carrageenan rather than being only an excipient could be deduced from this study which is worthwhile for further exploration on its other mechanisms that promises photo protection.

Biography:

Hong Ngoc Thuy Pham graduated with a BSc in Food Technology from Nha Trang University, Vietnam in 2004 and then completed her Master’s degree in Post-harvest Technology from Nha Trang University, Vietnam in 2009. She is currently a lecturer of Nha Trang University, Vietnam and a PhD student at the University of Newcastle, Australia. She has published 7 papers in domestic and international journals. She is now working on the research project: “Extraction of anticancer compounds from selected medicinal plants as novel agents against pancreatic cancer cells” at the University of Newcastle.

Abstract:

Helicteres hirsuta Lour. (H. hirsuta L.) is wildly distributed in Southeast Asian countries and has been used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments such as malaria and diabetes. This study aimed to optimize ultrasound-assisted extraction conditions for retaining maximum yield of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity from H. hirsuta L. Response surface methodology (RSM) with central composite design (CCD) was employed to design experiments for assessing the effect of ultrasonic temperature (40 – 60 ºC), ultrasonic time (15 – 35 min), ultrasonic power (60 – 100% or 150 – 250W), sample-to-solvent ratio (1 – 6 g/100 mL) and methanol concentration (0 – 50 %) on the yields of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of H. hirsuta L. extract. The results showed that ultrasonic temperature, sample-to-solvent ratio and methanol concentration had a significant influence on the extraction efficiency of phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity. The optimal extraction conditions were ultrasonic temperature of 60 ºC, ultrasonic time of 25 min, ultrasonic power of 150W, sample-to-solvent ratio of 3:100 g/mL, with the solvent being 40% (v/v) methanol. The actual values obtained under these conditions were 15.97 mg GAE/g of phenolics, 16.42 mg CE/g of flavonoids, and 13.34 g/100 g of extractable solids. The highest values of the antioxidant assays (DPPH, ABTS and FRAP) were also observed under these conditions, with the exception of CUPRAC (obtaining 87% maximum value). These optimal extraction conditions can be applied to produce powdered crude extract for further isolation and purification of individual bioactive compounds for their potential use in the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.

Biography:

Haema Thevanayagam has completed her A-Levels in Inti International College and her Tertiary Education in Management and Science University in Bachelor of Biomedical Science. She was then completed her Master of Science Degree (MSc Medical and Health Sciences) in International Medical University and graduated in 2013. She is currently pursuing PhD in the same field concentrating on marine derivatives, photo aging and skin cancer.

Abstract:

The use of marine resources for photoprotection is heightened at present. Carrageenan, the polysaccharide from red algae which is used in food and medicine is also a widely used excipient in cosmetics and skincare products. Carrageenan has shown to have prospective photoprotective effect against UVB irradiation on immortalized normal human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells in vitro by preventing excessive cell death, exhibiting antioxidant and free radical scavenging effect while stimulating the skin’s natural antioxidant enzymes. In this study, we aim to evaluate the anti-inflammatory action of iota (ι), kappa (κ) and lambda (λ) carrageenan and the favor of apoptotic cell death over necrotic cell death after UVB exposure in HaCaT cells. Results indicated that carrageenan pretreated cells had significantly (p<0.05) reduced levels of interleukin-1α (IL-1α) by 41.67-100% in comparison to the cells without treatment where IL-1α increased 22.84-61.46% after irradiation. Successively, carrageenan pretreated cells had lower occurrence of cell death and the nature of cell death in these cells showed a higher percentage (6.16-29.06%) of apoptotic cell death rather than necrotic. At 100 mJ per cm² an increase of 21.79% of necrotic cell death was observed in the untreated cells. This signifies the potential use of carrageenan as an anti-inflammatory agent along with its promising antioxidant property and its ability to reduce necrotic cell death thus preventing excessive inflammatory reactions. The combination of these properties and the additional value of carrageenan deduced from this study would enhance the performance of skin care regimes and the prospective role in photoprotection.

Biography:

Irma Antasionasti has completed her undergraduate program from Chemistry Education at Halu Oleo University, Kendari, Indonesia. She is currently doing her MSc Program in Faculty of Pharmacy Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. She receives scholarship from The Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education, Ministry of the Finance Republic of Indonesia. She is working on antioxidant activity and identification of active compounds from natural products.

Abstract:

A research had been conducted to test antioxidant activity and to identify the active compounds of antioxidant in avocado peel. The research aims to determine antioxidant activity of the extract, fractions, and isolates from avocado peel using in vitro method based on DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging, reducing power of iron (III), total phenolic and flavonoid content. To identify the structure of the active compound of antioxidants in avocado peel, FTIR spectroscopy and GC-MS are used. Among extract and fractions evaluated, methanol extract has the antioxidant activity with IC50 values of DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging and reducing power of 9.467±0.045mg/mL, 1.122±0.008mg/mL and 742.863±3.487 mg of ascorbic acid/gram of extract, respectively. Further sub-fractionation revealed that fraction 8 of methanol extract has the most active antioxidant with IC50 values using DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging and reducing power of 4.221±0.137mg/mL, 0.855±0.013mg/mL and 723.067±18.849 mg ascorbic acid/gram fraction, respectively. The relationship between antioxidant activity with the content of total phenolic revealed that the contributions of phenolics contents toward antioxidant activity using methods DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS radical scavenging and reducing power are 37%, 40.78% and 47.45%, respectively. Meanwhile, flavonoid contents contribute to DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS radical scavenging and reducing by 26.71%, 19.25% and 34.62%, respectively. Isolation of the methanol extract (fraction 8) indicated the presence of compound mixture of 1, 2, 4-trihidroksiheptadek-12, 16-diyne and isolation of the ethyl acetate extract obtain 1, 2, 4-trihidroksiheptadek-16-yne-18-ene.

Biography:

Chloe Goldsmith graduated with a B. Food Science & Human Nutrition (Honours I) from the University of Newcastle in 2012 and is now in her 3rd year of her PhD in The School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Australia. Her project is entitled “Olive waste products as a source of phenolic compounds with anti-pancreatic cancer activity”. She has contributed to over 14 journal articles in the field of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry and has received numerous awards for her international conferences presentations.

Abstract:

Introduction: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a devastating disease with a 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. The heterogeneity of the disease, resistance to conventional treatment options and toxicity of current chemotherapy agents makes PC an important target for the development of novel therapeutic agents. Individual compounds isolated from olive products have been investigated for their anti-cancer activity; however, there is limited research into their effects against PC. This study aimed to assess the anti-pancreatic cancer potential of individual olive phenolic compounds. Methods: PC (BxPC-3, CFPAC-1, MiaPaCa-2), and normal human pancreatic ductal epithelial (HPDE) cells were treated with oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, myricetin, luteolin and apigenin. Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 viability assay. The induction of apoptosis was assessed by way of caspase 3/7 activation and cell cycle analysis was performed using a MUSE flow cell analyser. Results: IC50 values for luteolin and apigenin were 10 and 12μM, respectively, against BxPC-3 and 22 and 25 μM, respectively, for CFPAC-1 cells. Apigenin induced G2-phase arrest in both CFPAC-1 and BxPC-3 cells. MiaPaCa-2 PC cells treated with oleuropein (200 μM) resulted in cell viability of 4%, while no effect was observed for HPDE cells. Treatment of MiaPaCa-2 cells with oleuropein (150μM) significantly induced apoptosis, via increased activation of caspase 3/7 (17% to 79%). Conclusions: Olive phenolic compounds demonstrate selective toxicity towards different PC cell lines, with oleuropein displaying no toxicity to normal pancreatic cells. Therefore, further investigation is warranted into their mechanisms of action and development into potential anti-pancreatic cancer compounds.

Biography:

Chloe Goldsmith graduated with a B. Food Science & Human Nutrition (Honours I) from the University of Newcastle in 2012 and is now in her 3rd year of her PhD in The School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Australia. Her project is entitled “Olive waste products as a source of phenolic compounds with anti-pancreatic cancer activity”. She has contributed to over 14 journal articles in the field of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry and has received numerous awards for her international conferences presentations.

Abstract:

Introduction: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a devastating disease with a 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. The heterogeneity of the disease, resistance to conventional treatment options and toxicity of current chemotherapy agents makes PC an important target for the development of novel therapeutic agents. Individual compounds isolated from olive products have been investigated for their anti-cancer activity; however, there is limited research into their effects against PC. This study aimed to assess the anti-pancreatic cancer potential of individual olive phenolic compounds. Methods: PC (BxPC-3, CFPAC-1, MiaPaCa-2), and normal human pancreatic ductal epithelial (HPDE) cells were treated with oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, myricetin, luteolin and apigenin. Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 viability assay. The induction of apoptosis was assessed by way of caspase 3/7 activation and cell cycle analysis was performed using a MUSE flow cell analyser. Results: IC50 values for luteolin and apigenin were 10 and 12μM, respectively, against BxPC-3 and 22 and 25 μM, respectively, for CFPAC-1 cells. Apigenin induced G2-phase arrest in both CFPAC-1 and BxPC-3 cells. MiaPaCa-2 PC cells treated with oleuropein (200 μM) resulted in cell viability of 4%, while no effect was observed for HPDE cells. Treatment of MiaPaCa-2 cells with oleuropein (150μM) significantly induced apoptosis, via increased activation of caspase 3/7 (17% to 79%). Conclusions: Olive phenolic compounds demonstrate selective toxicity towards different PC cell lines, with oleuropein displaying no toxicity to normal pancreatic cells. Therefore, further investigation is warranted into their mechanisms of action and development into potential anti-pancreatic cancer compounds.

Biography:

Archana G is a research scholar at Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, India. She did her Graduation in Biotechnology and Post-graduation in Marine Science. She is currently working on design and development of vegetable capsule film materials from biopolymers of natural origin such as plant hydrocolloids (vegetable waste and seaweeds) and designing of hydrogel scaffolds for wound healing purposes. She has published more than 10 papers in peer reviewed journals.

Abstract:

Capsule is one of the most versatile routes of dosage forms in drug delivery. Gelatin was used to prepare capsule films since ancient times. Gelatin capsules had certain disadvantages like sensitivity to moisture, religious restrictions, special packaging which had led to the establishment of synthetic polymers and/or plant-derived hydrocolloids for preparation of capsule materials. The main objective of this study is to prepare and characterize polysaccharide based empty vegetable capsule film materials from mucilage polysaccharides of A. esculentus and carageenan. Mucilage polysaccharides were extracted from A. esculentus (upper crown head-biowaste) and red seaweeds by solvent extraction method at 85°C at 275 rpm/sec and purified. Capsule films were prepared by solvent casting method using A. esculentus and Carageenan mucilage polysaccharides dispersions. Empty capsule films were evaluated for surface morphology, mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of the film material were studied using an Instron Universal Testing Machine which indicated that the A. esculentus/carageenan polysaccharide blend films at the ratio of 0.5/0.5 had the highest tensile strength (TS) 6.8 Mpa and optimum % elongation 23 % which was higher than the gelatin (control) film (p≤0.05). The in-vitro disintegration and dissolution time of empty capsule films from A. esculentus as well carageenan measured at different temperatures (25-45o C) and pH (4-8) was greater and desirable for both compared to that of gelatin capsule films. Therefore the above polysaccharides could act as potential agent in the development of various pharmaceutical ingredients such as empty capsule shell material, coating material with enhanced release rates, better patient compliance and effective therapy

Biography:

Abstract:

Introduction: In 2014, 9% of adults 18 years and older had diabetes (a WHO report, 2015). In 2012, diabetes was the straight reason of 1.5 million deaths worldwide with 80% of diabetes deaths in low/middle revenue countries. World Health Organization (WHO) projecting diabetes will be the 7th prominent cause of death in 2030. Objective: Aim of the present research work was to examine the anti-diabetic activity of hydroalcoholic stem bark extract of Acacia leucophloea (HAALE) in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type-2 induced diabetes model. Method: In streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats model were treated by administering oral doses (250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) of HAALE and standard glicazide (10 mg/kg) for 21 days. Blood glucose levels were measured using glucometer on different time duration i.e., day 0, 7, 14 and 21 days. Other biochemical parameters (LDL, VLDL, Triglycerides, Urea, HDL, and total cholesterol) were determined in normal and streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats after oral administration of extract for 21 days. Histopathological changes in diabetic rat’s organs (pancreas, liver and kidney) were observed under the microscope after extract treatment. Result: Daily oral administration of HAALE (250 and 500 mg/kg) and glicazide (10 mg/kg) showed significant (p<0.01) reduction in blood glucose level as well as improving kidney, liver functions and hyperlipidemia due to diabetes in control rat. Furthermore, the extract has encouraging effects on the histopathological changes in pancreas, liver and kidney in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetes. Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extract (500 mg/kg) of Acacia leucophloea was found to have potential anti-diabetic activity in comparison with 250 mg/kg with well improved parameters such as LDL, VLDL, Triglycrides, Urea, HDL and total cholesterol. HAALE has also favorable effect to inhibit the histopathological changes of the pancreas and kidney in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetes model.

Biography:

Karl Charlene D. Calderon is a Faculty of Pharmacy student of University of Santo Tomas. She is a consistent Dean‘s Lister in her course, BS Clinical Pharmacy. She graduated from her high school alma mater, St. Joseph Catholic School as class valedictorian. She recently completed her pharmacy internship at MetroDrug Inc. In the field of research, she attended the UST Laboratory Animal Handling Seminar, the 5th Philippine Pharmaceutical Research Congress and the UST Research Expo Forum 2015. She recently participated as a poster presenter in the 20th Annual Convention of the Natural Products Society of the Philippines

Abstract:

Durio zibethinus L. (Malvaceae) known as “Durian” in the Philippines is an evergreen tropical tree found vastly in the regions of Mindanao and Sulu. One-fourth of the fruit's mass is the seeds, which is usually discarded. This study aimed to determine the binding efficacy of extracted Puyat variety of Durian seed gum in Paracetamol tablet formulation. Durian seed gum was extracted and characterized in terms of its physicochemical properties. An acute oral toxicity study was done. Differential Scanning Calorimeter was used to test the compatibility of Durian seed gum with Paracetamol and tablet excipients. Different batches of Paracetamol tablet was formulated using Durian seed gum, PVP K-30, Acacia, and Corn starch as binder. Physical evaluation was done on Paracetamol granules and comparative analysis showing the effectiveness of Durian seed gum in contrast with standard binders was evaluated through quality control tests like hardness, friability, disintegration, and dissolution test. The result of the study showed that Durian seed gum possesses good physicochemical properties. It is non-toxic and compatible with Paracetamol and its excipient. The formulation containing 9% w/w of unheated Durian seed gum as binder showed good binding efficacy with a friability of 0.74%. It displayed the highest dissolution rate (101.3%). The results suggest that it can be used as binder in immediate released tablets. Whereas, 9% w/w heated Durian seed gum exhibited highest binding efficacy with a friability of 0.15% and a hardness of 184.87N. The result shows that it can be used as a binder for sustained released tablets.

Biography:

Aderanti Oluwaseun Hefsiba completed her Bachelor of Forest Resources Management with Second Class Upper Division from University of Ibadan in the year 2015. She was the Ex-chequer of the Forest Resources Management Student Association. She equally holds Diploma Certificates in Community health, Occupational health and Family planning from School of Hygiene, Ibadan. She is currently a National Youth Service Corp member.

Abstract:

Muraya paniculata is grown in Nigeria for aesthetics whereas, the medicinal value of the plant is yet to be exploited. It has been shown that the plant possess many medicinal uses. This study was designed to determine the bioactive properties of M. paniculata plant. Leaves bark and roots were collected from a single home grown tree at University of Ibadan. Samples were washed, air dried for 60days and ground into powdery form. From each component part, 100g of the powdered sample was extracted in 500mL of ethanol for 24 hours and allowed to stand at room temperature. Supernatant was carefully decanted, filtered and evaporated over water bath at 60ºC. Solid extract obtained was used for yield determination of bioactive substances, phyto-chemical analysis and FT-IR. Inhibitory zones of ethanolic extract and ampicillin was compared using clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Experimental design used was CRD. Data were subjected to descriptive statistics and ANOVA at α.05. Yield of bioactive compounds significantly differ from each other with leaves having 62.2%, bark 74.6% and root 67.6%, respectively. Tannin (0.050±0.001%) and cardiac glycosides (0.2103±0.001%) occurred only in the bark. Extracts from bark (27±0.58%), leaves (22.33±0.67%) and root (17±1.15%) significantly inhibited the growth of S. aureus and E. coli compared to that of Ampicillin (17±0.58%), (16±0.58%) and (16.33±0.33%). Chemical groups in the plant parts among others were alcohol, alkene, carboxylic acid and in different wavelengths. Bioactive substances were more in the bark and more effective in inhibiting the growth of tested bacteria.