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Jim Daily

Jim Daily

Daily Manufacturing Inc., USA

Title: Synbiotic effects of β-glucans from cauliflower mushroom and L. fermentum on menopausal symptoms and gut microbiome in estrogen-deficient rats

Biography

Biography: Jim Daily

Abstract

Since gut microbiota influences obesity and bone mineral density, probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics may attenuate menopausal symptoms by modulating gut microbiota in estrogen-deficient animals. We investigated whether the long-term consumption of L. fermentum (probiotics) and cauliflower mushroom (prebiotics) would prevent and/or delay the progression of post-menopausal symptoms in estrogen-deficient ovariectomized (OVX) rats with diet-induced obesity and explored their mechanisms of action. OVX rats were fed with high fat diets containing 1% dextrin (control), 1% lyophilized cauliflower mushroom plus 0.1% casein (CFM), 0.1% L. fermentum plus 1% dextrin (LFE), 1% CFM plus 0.1% LFE (CFLF), or 30 μg/kg body weight 17β-estradiol plus 1% dextrin (positive-control). CFM mainly contained β-glucans (about 95.8%). OVX exhibited impaired energy, glucose and lipid metabolisms and changed gut microbiome, and 17β-estradiol treatment prevented the impairment. Only CFLF lowered tail skin temperature without increasing serum 17β-estradiol and uterine index. CFLF and positive-control groups increased daily energy expenditure and fat oxidation. Dyslipidemia induced by OVX was improved by CFM and CFLF and CFLF prevented the dyslipidemia as much as in the positive-control group. Serum glucose levels and insulin levels were lower in CFLF as much as in the positive-control group. HOMA-IR was rather lower in CFLF than in the positive-control. Hepatic insulin signaling (pAktàGSK-3β) was also potentiated in the ascending order of the control, LFE, CFM, CFLF, and positive-control. AMPK phosphorylation showed similar patterns of hepatic insulin signaling but LFE increased it more than CFM. OVX increased the ratio of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and decreased the ratio of Actinobacteria plus Proteobacteria in the large intestines. The changes were prevented by CFLF as similar to the positive-control group. In conclusion, OVX changes gut microbiota and the changes were associated with menopausal symptoms and synbiotics of CFM and LFE prevented the gut microbiota and menopausal symptoms in estrogen-deficient animals.