Chloe D Goldsmith
University of Newcastle, Australia
Title: The olive phenolic compounds apigenin, luteolin and oleuropein induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells in vitro
Biography
Biography: Chloe D Goldsmith
Abstract
Introduction: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a devastating disease with a 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. The heterogeneity of the disease, resistance to conventional treatment options and toxicity of current chemotherapy agents makes PC an important target for the development of novel therapeutic agents. Individual compounds isolated from olive products have been investigated for their anti-cancer activity; however, there is limited research into their effects against PC. This study aimed to assess the anti-pancreatic cancer potential of individual olive phenolic compounds. Methods: PC (BxPC-3, CFPAC-1, MiaPaCa-2), and normal human pancreatic ductal epithelial (HPDE) cells were treated with oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, myricetin, luteolin and apigenin. Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 viability assay. The induction of apoptosis was assessed by way of caspase 3/7 activation and cell cycle analysis was performed using a MUSE flow cell analyser. Results: IC50 values for luteolin and apigenin were 10 and 12μM, respectively, against BxPC-3 and 22 and 25 μM, respectively, for CFPAC-1 cells. Apigenin induced G2-phase arrest in both CFPAC-1 and BxPC-3 cells. MiaPaCa-2 PC cells treated with oleuropein (200 μM) resulted in cell viability of 4%, while no effect was observed for HPDE cells. Treatment of MiaPaCa-2 cells with oleuropein (150μM) significantly induced apoptosis, via increased activation of caspase 3/7 (17% to 79%). Conclusions: Olive phenolic compounds demonstrate selective toxicity towards different PC cell lines, with oleuropein displaying no toxicity to normal pancreatic cells. Therefore, further investigation is warranted into their mechanisms of action and development into potential anti-pancreatic cancer compounds.